使用folium做地图可视化#
!pip install folium
Collecting folium
?25l Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/72/ff/004bfe344150a064e558cb2aedeaa02ecbf75e60e148a55a9198f0c41765/folium-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (91kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 72kB/s ta 0:00:0111
?25hCollecting branca>=0.3.0 (from folium)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/63/36/1c93318e9653f4e414a2e0c3b98fc898b4970e939afeedeee6075dd3b703/branca-0.3.1-py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from folium) (1.16.2)
Requirement already satisfied: requests in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from folium) (2.21.0)
Requirement already satisfied: jinja2>=2.9 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from folium) (2.10)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from branca>=0.3.0->folium) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->folium) (2019.3.9)
Requirement already satisfied: chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->folium) (3.0.4)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<2.9,>=2.5 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->folium) (2.8)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.25,>=1.21.1 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from requests->folium) (1.24.1)
Requirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe>=0.23 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from jinja2>=2.9->folium) (1.1.1)
Installing collected packages: branca, folium
Successfully installed branca-0.3.1 folium-0.10.0
!pip install vincent
Collecting vincent
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/11/bf/a12ecaa21a2e376a16de67e09f64a38a4acd95e04e5dc35ad2f13a6f0bfd/vincent-0.4.4.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: pandas in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from vincent) (0.24.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2011k in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from pandas->vincent) (2018.9)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.5.0 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from pandas->vincent) (2.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.12.0 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from pandas->vincent) (1.16.2)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in /Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.5.0->pandas->vincent) (1.12.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: vincent
Building wheel for vincent (setup.py) ... ?25ldone
?25h Stored in directory: /Users/datalab/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/4c/0d/8a/65f34c765c6094a71cce3e42a49a26533eef61695e9b505f03
Successfully built vincent
Installing collected packages: vincent
Successfully installed vincent-0.4.4
import folium, jinja2, vincent
from IPython.display import IFrame
from IPython.core.display import HTML
print(folium.__file__)
print(folium.__version__)
/Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/folium/__init__.py
0.10.0
读入数据#
import pickle
node_pkl = open('../data/nodeLoc.pkl', 'rb')
nodeLoc = pickle.load(node_pkl)
node_pkl.close()
edge_pkl = open('../data/edgeLoc.pkl', 'rb')
edgeLoc = pickle.load(edge_pkl)
edge_pkl.close()
绘制地图#
map_osm = folium.Map(location=[45.5236, -122.6750])
map_osm
beijing = folium.Map(location=(39.90403,116.407526), zoom_start=10)
beijing
MarkerCluster#
from folium.plugins import MarkerCluster
locations = nodeLoc
popups = ['{}'.format(loc) for loc in locations]
beijing.add_child(MarkerCluster(locations=locations, popups=popups))
HeatMap#
from folium import plugins
beijing.add_child(plugins.HeatMap(locations))
/Users/datalab/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py:3: FutureWarning: Method `add_children` is deprecated. Please use `add_child` instead.
This is separate from the ipykernel package so we can avoid doing imports until
beijing.save('beijing_mobile.html')
PolyLine#
colors = ['blue','orange', 'red']
for k, community in enumerate(edgeLoc):
locations = edgeLoc[community]
for loc in locations:
line = folium.PolyLine(locations=loc, color=colors[k])
beijing.add_child(line)
beijing
beijing.save('/Users/chengjun/GitHub/cjc2016/vis/beijing_mobile_without_heat.html')
Convert HTML to PNG#
Open the generated html with chrome,
Print to save it as pdf,
Open the pdf and export it as png or the other formats.
Data preparation#
python数据持久存储：pickle模块的基本使用 python的pickle模块实现了基本的数据序列和反序列化。通过pickle模块的序列化操作我们能够将程序中运行的对象信息保存到文件中去，永久存储；通过pickle模块的反序列化操作，我们能够从文件中创建上一次程序保存的对象。
import pickle
output = open('/Users/chengjun/GitHub/cjc2016/data/edgeLoc.pkl', 'wb')
# Pickle dictionary using protocol 0.
pickle.dump(edgeLoc, output)
output.close()
output = open('/Users/chengjun/GitHub/cjc2016/data/nodeLoc.pkl', 'wb')
# Pickle list using protocol -1
pickle.dump(nodeLoc, output, -1)
output.close()
edgeLoc = {12196: [[(39.990111, 116.330251), (39.990301, 116.339161)],
[(39.990111, 116.330251), (39.991104, 116.343872)],
[(39.990111, 116.330251), (40.010696, 116.338602)],
[(39.975028, 116.311556), (40.008801, 116.267881)],
[(39.884931, 116.672281), (39.886901, 116.675301)],
[(39.884931, 116.672281), (39.983333, 116.309944)],
[(39.990311, 116.351102), (39.990301, 116.339161)],
[(39.990311, 116.351102), (39.991104, 116.343872)],
[(39.990311, 116.351102), (39.886901, 116.675301)],
[(39.990311, 116.351102), (39.990531, 116.363311)],
[(39.990311, 116.351102), (39.989352, 116.356064)],
[(39.990311, 116.351102), (40.000241, 116.352881)],
[(40.017402, 116.305637), (40.020209, 116.302722)],
[(39.920349, 116.327869), (39.979381, 116.308711)],
[(39.920349, 116.327869), (39.905001, 116.342225)],
[(39.920349, 116.327869), (39.977181, 116.308881)],
[(39.988501, 116.318872), (39.984811, 116.315931)],
[(39.988501, 116.318872), (39.981691, 116.332721)],
[(39.988501, 116.318872), (39.983061, 116.319341)],
[(39.988501, 116.318872), (39.978994, 116.329721)],
[(39.763371011, 116.322339649), (39.977181, 116.308881)],
[(39.994141, 116.405721), (39.977237, 116.308991)],
[(40.050083, 116.298417), (40.017394, 116.325471)],
[(40.050083, 116.298417), (39.980345, 116.370601)],
[(40.050083, 116.298417), (40.010696, 116.338602)],
[(39.984811, 116.315931), (39.983061, 116.319341)],
[(39.984811, 116.315931), (39.978994, 116.329721)],
[(39.978994, 116.329721), (39.990301, 116.339161)],
[(39.978994, 116.329721), (39.981691, 116.332721)],
[(39.978994, 116.329721), (39.983061, 116.319341)],
[(39.978994, 116.329721), (39.989352, 116.356064)],
[(39.981691, 116.332721), (39.990301, 116.339161)],
[(39.981691, 116.332721), (40.017394, 116.325471)],
[(39.983118, 116.310884), (39.983464, 116.308398)],
[(39.983464, 116.308398), (39.983471, 116.308391)],
[(39.983464, 116.308398), (39.983056, 116.309167)],
[(40.017394, 116.325471), (39.990301, 116.339161)],
[(40.017394, 116.325471), (40.008171, 116.328254)],
[(40.017394, 116.325471), (40.010696, 116.338602)],
[(39.977181, 116.308881), (39.977237, 116.308991)],
[(39.977181, 116.308881), (39.981928, 116.308731)],
[(39.592431, 116.183104), (39.983333, 116.309944)],
[(39.983056, 116.309167), (39.983333, 116.309944)],
[(40.000241, 116.352881), (39.990301, 116.339161)],
[(40.000241, 116.352881), (39.990531, 116.363311)],
[(40.000241, 116.352881), (39.991104, 116.343872)],
[(40.000241, 116.352881), (40.010696, 116.338602)],
[(39.975395, 116.313438), (39.977237, 116.308991)],
[(39.979381, 116.308711), (39.905001, 116.342225)],
[(39.990301, 116.339161), (39.991104, 116.343872)],
[(39.991541, 116.319551), (39.983333, 116.309944)],
[(40.008171, 116.328254), (40.010696, 116.338602)],
[(39.981928, 116.308731), (39.977147, 116.304633)],
[(40.008801, 116.267881), (40.006201, 116.279001)],
[(39.978871, 116.306551), (39.977147, 116.304633)],
[(39.977237, 116.308991), (39.983333, 116.309944)],
[(39.981862, 116.317841), (39.983061, 116.319341)],
[(39.990531, 116.363311), (39.989352, 116.356064)]],
12261: [[(40.200491, 116.179253), (40.183415, 116.161574)],
[(40.200491, 116.179253), (40.183997, 116.191357)],
[(40.200491, 116.179253), (40.218981, 116.230971)],
[(40.226655, 116.226144), (40.145755, 116.302861)],
[(40.226655, 116.226144), (40.210773, 116.239262)],
[(40.226655, 116.226144), (40.222097, 116.220571)],
[(40.226655, 116.226144), (40.218981, 116.230971)],
[(40.226655, 116.226144), (40.213888, 116.221534)],
[(40.226655, 116.226144), (40.213869, 116.234626)],
[(40.055072, 116.313491), (40.076948, 116.302963)],
[(40.055072, 116.313491), (40.098774, 116.302953)],
[(40.171594, 116.244031), (40.210773, 116.239262)],
[(40.171594, 116.244031), (40.183997, 116.191357)],
[(40.100662, 116.276404), (40.098981, 116.285883)],
[(40.100662, 116.276404), (40.096239, 116.272141)],
[(40.100662, 116.276404), (40.112621, 116.289151)],
[(40.100662, 116.276404), (40.095381, 116.283131)],
[(40.100662, 116.276404), (40.106016, 116.276689)],
[(40.100662, 116.276404), (40.103275, 116.284444)],
[(40.216718, 116.216522), (39.792501, 116.486851)],
[(40.216718, 116.216522), (40.213888, 116.221534)],
[(40.216718, 116.216522), (40.212898, 116.228058)],
[(40.216718, 116.216522), (40.218981, 116.230971)],
[(40.029814, 116.317095), (40.034031, 116.319871)],
[(40.029814, 116.317095), (40.039607, 116.316384)],
[(40.029814, 116.317095), (40.035833, 116.309445)],
[(40.056215, 116.327246), (40.058111, 116.330667)],
[(40.056215, 116.327246), (40.047312, 116.333848)],
[(40.056215, 116.327246), (40.055791, 116.324361)],
[(40.056215, 116.327246), (40.057821, 116.340871)],
[(40.240347, 116.117703), (40.231194, 116.118111)],
[(40.240347, 116.117703), (40.235611, 116.124289)],
[(40.240347, 116.117703), (40.220667, 116.239556)],
[(40.133908, 116.260049), (40.125971, 116.252163)],
[(40.133908, 116.260049), (40.125517, 116.261944)],
[(40.133908, 116.260049), (40.131848, 116.266921)],
[(40.073638, 116.310218), (40.083291, 116.322045)],
[(40.073638, 116.310218), (40.076948, 116.302963)],
[(40.073638, 116.310218), (40.077062, 116.325645)],
[(40.073638, 116.310218), (40.068287, 116.333102)],
[(40.073638, 116.310218), (40.073022, 116.316664)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.083291, 116.322045)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.058111, 116.330667)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.089172, 116.302284)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.065611, 116.322079)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.087491, 116.324951)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.099121, 116.338071)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.077062, 116.325645)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.068287, 116.333102)],
[(40.073022, 116.316664), (40.076948, 116.302963)],
[(40.231194, 116.118111), (40.235611, 116.124289)],
[(40.052918, 116.369476), (40.058111, 116.330667)],
[(40.052918, 116.369476), (40.041361, 116.373921)],
[(40.140561, 116.262416), (40.141792, 116.258313)],
[(40.140561, 116.262416), (40.125517, 116.261944)],
[(40.140561, 116.262416), (40.131848, 116.266921)],
[(40.134251, 116.252193), (40.125517, 116.261944)],
[(40.035833, 116.309445), (40.058111, 116.330667)],
[(40.035833, 116.309445), (40.043501, 116.298251)],
[(40.035833, 116.309445), (40.034978, 116.306693)],
[(40.035833, 116.309445), (40.062711, 116.295361)],
[(40.035833, 116.309445), (40.039607, 116.316384)],
[(40.035833, 116.309445), (40.034031, 116.319871)],
[(40.206013, 116.223627), (40.209889, 116.228222)],
[(40.206013, 116.223627), (40.213888, 116.221534)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.083291, 116.322045)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.089172, 116.302284)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.087389, 116.300231)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.043761, 116.285851)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.098774, 116.302953)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.087491, 116.324951)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.099121, 116.338071)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.077062, 116.325645)],
[(40.076948, 116.302963), (40.069228, 116.299637)],
[(40.112621, 116.289151), (40.125517, 116.261944)],
[(40.112621, 116.289151), (40.118531, 116.267087)],
[(40.112621, 116.289151), (40.131848, 116.266921)],
[(40.038109, 116.323645), (40.039607, 116.316384)],
[(40.118531, 116.267087), (40.120147, 116.254641)],
[(40.118531, 116.267087), (40.131848, 116.266921)],
[(40.118531, 116.267087), (40.106016, 116.276689)],
[(40.118531, 116.267087), (40.125517, 116.261944)],
[(40.118531, 116.267087), (40.218981, 116.230971)],
[(40.118531, 116.267087), (40.125971, 116.252163)],
[(40.034261, 116.358151), (40.040439, 116.349094)],
[(40.145939, 116.252157), (40.125517, 116.261944)],
[(40.145939, 116.252157), (40.218981, 116.230971)],
[(40.081833, 116.294194), (40.098774, 116.302953)],
[(40.081833, 116.294194), (40.235611, 116.124289)],
[(40.081833, 116.294194), (40.089172, 116.302284)],
[(40.043501, 116.298251), (40.043761, 116.285851)],
[(40.043501, 116.298251), (40.055121, 116.307781)],
[(40.043501, 116.298251), (40.034579, 116.288291)],
[(40.043501, 116.298251), (40.034031, 116.319871)],
[(40.125517, 116.261944), (40.209278, 116.216359)],
[(40.125517, 116.261944), (40.213888, 116.221534)],
[(40.125517, 116.261944), (40.131848, 116.266921)],
[(40.125517, 116.261944), (40.120147, 116.254641)],
[(40.125517, 116.261944), (40.152972, 116.298361)],
[(40.125517, 116.261944), (40.141792, 116.258313)],
[(40.125517, 116.261944), (40.103275, 116.284444)],
[(40.108971, 116.268313), (40.106016, 116.276689)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.215364, 116.240961)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.210773, 116.239262)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.211233, 116.239117)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.212442, 116.246563)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.209278, 116.216359)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.216783, 116.256904)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.209889, 116.228222)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.220667, 116.239556)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.212647, 116.251881)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.213888, 116.221534)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.218981, 116.230971)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.212898, 116.228058)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.183412, 116.232075)],
[(40.213869, 116.234626), (40.214867, 116.247008)],
[(40.212898, 116.228058), (40.210773, 116.239262)],
[(40.212898, 116.228058), (40.211233, 116.239117)],
[(40.212898, 116.228058), (40.213888, 116.221534)],
[(40.212898, 116.228058), (40.209889, 116.228222)],
[(40.212898, 116.228058), (40.220667, 116.239556)],
[(40.212898, 116.228058), (40.218981, 116.230971)],
[(40.212647, 116.251881), (40.214867, 116.247008)],
[(40.212647, 116.251881), (40.210773, 116.239262)],
[(40.212647, 116.251881), (40.212442, 116.246563)],
[(40.212647, 116.251881), (40.216783, 116.256904)],
[(39.787638, 116.493917), (39.790501, 116.483001)],
[(39.787638, 116.493917), (39.787601, 116.493901)],
[(39.787638, 116.493917), (39.790141, 116.482981)],
[(39.787638, 116.493917), (40.187917, 117.153667)],
[(39.787638, 116.493917), (39.792501, 116.486851)],
[(40.033701, 116.330251), (40.039222, 116.339751)],
[(40.039607, 116.316384), (40.034978, 116.306693)],
[(40.039607, 116.316384), (40.034031, 116.319871)],
[(40.039607, 116.316384), (40.041002, 116.315417)],
[(40.034031, 116.319871), (40.034978, 116.306693)],
[(40.034031, 116.319871), (40.034579, 116.288291)],
[(40.040439, 116.349094), (40.058111, 116.330667)],
[(40.040439, 116.349094), (40.041361, 116.373921)],
[(40.154301, 116.250241), (40.156415, 116.244773)],
[(40.154301, 116.250241), (40.158691, 116.266905)],
[(40.034579, 116.288291), (40.034978, 116.306693)],
[(40.103275, 116.284444), (40.106016, 116.276689)],
[(40.103275, 116.284444), (40.098981, 116.285883)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.089172, 116.302284)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.098774, 116.302953)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.087491, 116.324951)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.099121, 116.338071)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.077062, 116.325645)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.068287, 116.333102)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.081066, 116.342998)],
[(40.083291, 116.322045), (40.084444, 116.331417)],
[(40.087389, 116.300231), (40.089172, 116.302284)],
[(40.156415, 116.244773), (40.197801, 116.222841)],
[(40.156415, 116.244773), (40.158691, 116.266905)],
[(40.150118, 116.264351), (40.146371, 116.273861)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.210773, 116.239262)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.212442, 116.246563)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.197801, 116.222841)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.222097, 116.220571)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.209889, 116.228222)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.220667, 116.239556)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.213888, 116.221534)],
[(40.218981, 116.230971), (40.152972, 116.298361)],
[(40.084444, 116.331417), (40.087491, 116.324951)],
[(40.084444, 116.331417), (40.099121, 116.338071)],
[(40.084444, 116.331417), (40.068287, 116.333102)],
[(40.084444, 116.331417), (40.081066, 116.342998)],
[(40.084444, 116.331417), (40.152972, 116.298361)],
[(40.461806, 115.968917), (40.462333, 115.980861)],
[(40.461806, 115.968917), (40.464911, 115.992917)],
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